Hamilton County, TN
Office of Emergency Management
and
Homeland Security
Empowering the Whole Community
extreme heat
Extreme Heat often results in the highest number of annual deaths among all weather-related hazards. In most of the United States, extreme heat is defined as a long period (2 to 3 days) of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees. In extreme heat, evaporation is slowed and the body must work extra hard to maintain a normal temperature. This can lead to death by overworking the human body. Remember that:
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Extreme heat can occur quickly and without warning.
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Older adults, children, and sick or overweight individuals are at greater risk from extreme heat.
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Humidity increases the feeling of heat as measured by a heat index.
IF YOU ARE UNDER AN EXTREME HEAT WARNING:
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Find air conditioning.
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Avoid strenuous activities.
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Watch for heat illness.
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Wear light clothing.
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Check on family members and neighbors.
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Drink plenty of fluids.
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Watch for heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke.
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Never leave people or pets in a closed car.
prepare now
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Find places in your community where you can go to get cool.
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Keep your home cool by doing the following:
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Cover windows with drapes or shades.
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Weather-strip doors and windows.
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Use window reflectors, such as aluminum foil-covered cardboard, to reflect heat back outside.
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Add insulation to keep the heat out.
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Use attic fans to clear hot air.
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Install window air conditioners and insulate around them.
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Learn to recognize the signs of heat-related illness.
be safe during
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Never leave a child, adult, or animal alone inside a vehicle on a warm day.
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Find places with air conditioning. Libraries, shopping malls, and community centers can provide a cool place to take a break from the heat.
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If you’re outside, find shade. Wear a hat wide enough to protect your face.
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Wear loose, lightweight, light-colored clothing.
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Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. If you or someone you care for is on a special diet, ask a doctor how best to accommodate it.
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Do not use electric fans when the temperature outside is more than 95 degrees, as this could increase the risk of heat-related illness. Fans create air flow and a false sense of comfort, but do not reduce body temperature.
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Avoid high-energy activities.
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Check yourself, family members, and neighbors for signs of heat-related illness.
recognize and respond
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Know the signs of heat-related illness and the ways to respond to it:
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HEAT CRAMPS
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Signs: Muscle pains or spasms in the stomach, arms, or legs
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Actions: Go to a cooler location. Remove excess clothing. Take sips of cool sports drinks with salt and sugar. Get medical help if cramps last more than an hour.
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HEAT EXHAUSTION
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Signs: Heavy sweating, paleness, muscle cramps, tiredness, weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea or vomiting, or fainting
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Actions: Go to an air-conditioned place and lie down. Loosen or remove clothing. Take a cool bath. Take sips of cool sports drinks with salt and sugar. Get medical help if symptoms get worse or last more than an hour.
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HEAT STROKE
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Signs: Extremely high body temperature (above 103 degrees) taken orally; red, hot, and dry skin with no sweat; rapid, strong pulse; dizziness; confusion; or unconsciousness
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Actions: Call 911 or get the person to a hospital immediately. Cool down with whatever methods are available until medical help arrives.